First births can carry increased risk, but parity is not destiny
- Population and setting
- Umbrella review of environmental risk factors.
- What was found
- Primiparity pooled RR 1.76 (95% CI 1.59–1.96) in one evidence synthesis.
- Limits and applicability
- Definitions, adjustment and populations vary. Prior depression and current burden can dominate birth order; later healthy births do not guarantee protection.
Sources: S07 · S08 · S10 · Evidence record ↗